Automotive electronics is an electronic control system composed of sensors, microprocessors MPU, actuators, dozens of hundreds of electronic components and parts, which is mainly responsible for improving the safety, comfort, economy and entertainment of automobiles. The field of automotive electronics mainly includes the field of vehicle electronic control devices and vehicle electronic control devices; There are active devices, passive devices, MCU, led, connector, display screen, RF devices, etc.

The electronic control device of vehicle body includes engine control system, chassis control system and electronic control system of vehicle body. It is generally used in conjunction with the mechanical system of the vehicle. The electronic fuel injection system, anti lock braking control, anti-skid control, electronic control automatic transmission and other systems are all realized by the electronic control device of vehicle body.

1. Engine control system:

The engine control system can be roughly divided into fuel system, intake system and electronic control device. The electronic control unit is the control core of the engine control system. The air flow and the engine speed will be the control basis. The control objects are the fuel injector and the idle air regulator. The three modules coordinate with each other to obtain the mixer components and ignition timing that best match the engine working conditions. The engine control system mainly realizes the following functions: fuel injection quantity control, fuel injection timing control, ignition control, idle speed control and fuel pump control Carbon canister solenoid valve control, emission post-treatment system control, OBD function realization and fault diagnosis, but the function of engine control system will increase with the progress of automobile technology.

2. Chassis control system:

Chassis control system is a kind of system that can automatically maintain the stability of the vehicle body. The appearance of this system changes the mechanical structure that used to rely on hydraulic or pneumatic pressure. Chassis control system includes electronic automatic transmission, anti lock braking system, cruise control system, etc. The electronically controlled automatic transmission can judge and change the appropriate gear ratio through various data such as engine load, speed and vehicle speed, optimize the shift control of the transmission, and help the vehicle realize automatic transmission. The anti lock braking system can ensure that the adhesion between the wheel and the ground is kept at the maximum value by controlling the braking force when the vehicle is braked, so as to prevent the vehicle from losing control and improve the driving safety. Cruise control system is a control system that can automatically adjust the throttle opening to ensure that the vehicle automatically runs at a constant speed. It is mainly used for long-distance driving, reducing the fatigue of the driver and reducing the fuel consumption of the vehicle.

3. Body electronic control system:

The body electronic control system is divided into three parts: automobile safety, comfort control and information communication system, which are mainly used to enhance the safety, comfort and convenience of the automobile. Next, we will mainly talk about the airbag, safety belt and information communication of the automobile.

The air bag control system is a passive safety technology device installed in automobiles at present, which is divided into trigger device, gas generation device and air bag. The electronic control system will analyze the signal sent by the acceleration sensor at any time. If it is determined that there is a collision, the gas generator will input the gas into the airbag in a very short time. The inflated airbag will protect the passengers from hitting the objects in the vehicle. Although the airbag can prevent the human body from being impacted in the event of an accident, there are also some examples of injuries caused by the impact of airbag inflation on the human body. Therefore, people started the research and development of Intelligent Airbag. The intelligent airbag can detect the height and weight of passengers through various sensors, and then calculate the appropriate airbag deployment degree to minimize the injury of the airbag to passengers.

The safety belt system is a safety device to prevent passengers from colliding with the steering wheel or flying out of the vehicle due to inertia when the vehicle is subjected to violent collision. In case of collision, the safety belt will be tightened quickly to reduce the movement of passengers due to inertia and avoid collision between passengers and hard objects in the vehicle. There is a kind of seat belt called pretension type. This kind of safety belt can tighten the webbing at the moment of vehicle collision and bind the passengers to the seat as much as possible. Unlike ordinary safety belts, when the vehicle speed suddenly changes sharply, the pretensioned safety belt can strengthen the restraint on the passengers through its control device and pretensioning device. There are two types of pre tensioned retractors: mechanical control device and electronic control device. In the former, when the sensor detects abnormal acceleration, the control device will make the pretensioner work. In the latter, the acceleration detection is transmitted by the electronic control unit, and the signal processed by the computer is sent to the retractor control device to make it work. This kind of pretensioned safety belt is generally used with the airbag.

Information communication system is a kind of advanced mobile communication system. Based on the development of intelligent transportation system and sensor network technology, it can realize highly information and intelligent transportation. The system includes vehicle positioning and navigation, voice broadcasting, information communication and other systems. It can automatically select the best driving route for vehicles, realize vehicle positioning, predict the distance and time to reach the destination, and broadcast the weather and traffic road information in real time.